Editor(s):
Ya Yang


  Name:      Euphorbia melanadenia   Torr. & A. Gray, Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke, Bot. 4: 135. 1857.

Status:accepted_name
Accepted Name:None
Basionym:None
Common Names:
Squaw sandmat, red-gland spurge
TOLKIN GUID:9f7aab96-b95c-499d-aa75-93530d32031a
TOLKIN GUID URL:http://app.tolkin.org/guids/9f7aab96-b95c-499d-aa75-93530d32031a
Type Details:
Species: None
Type Collection:
Lectotype: J.M. Bigelow s.n., designated by Wheeler, L. C. 1941. Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce in Canada and the United States exclusive of Canada. Rhodora 43: 227.
Type Date:
1853-1854
Type Locality:
"Low places near San Gabriel, Los Angeles County, California". Probably from the vicinity of Sierra Madre (Wheeler, 1941)
Type Herbaria:
Lectotype: NY [NY00263142]; isolectotype: GH [GH00047711]
Neo Type: None
Synonyms: show/hide
Name
Namestatus
Euphorbia cinerascens var. appendiculata Engelm., Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 186. 1859.
Synonym
Anisophyllum melanadenium (Torr. & A. Gray) Klotzsch & Garcke, Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 23. 1860.
Synonym
Euphorbia polycarpa var. vestita S. Watson, Bot. California 2: 73. 1880.
Synonym
Chamaesyce aureola Millsp., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 406. 1916.
Synonym
Chamaesyce melanadenia (Torr. & A. Gray) Millsp., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 410. 1916.
Synonym
Euphorbia polycarpa var. appendiculata (Engelm.) Munz, Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 31: 68. 1932.
Synonym
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Subgenus:
Chamaesyce
Section:
Anisophyllum
Subsection:
Chamaesyce
Ingroup Clade:
D
Description:
Adapted from Flora of North America, treatment by Jeffery J. Morawetz (description and habitat information based on U.S.A. collections only):

Herbs, perennial, from a moderately to strongly thickened rootstock. Stems ascending to erect, pilose, 5-20 cm. Leaves opposite; stipules distinct (dorsal side) and connate (ventral side), linear, 0.5-1 mm, densely pilose; petiole 0.8-1.5 mm, tomentose; blade ovate, 1.2-5 x 0.8-2.9 mm, base asymmetrical, hemicordate, apex rounded to acute, margin entire, venation inconspicuous, tomentose (densely so on young leaves). Cyathia solitary in the distal nodes of the stems; peduncle (0.6)1.4-1.9 mm. Involucre campanulate, 0.6-1.1 x 0.7-1 mm, tomentose; glands 4, elliptic, 0.3-0.4 x 0.4-0.7 mm, deep red; appendages present, oblong to flabellate, entire to erose, 0.4-0.7(1) x 0.7-1.2 mm, white or becoming pink with age. Staminate flowers 45-80. Pistillate flower: ovary tomentose, styles 0.5-0.8 mm, 2-fid or divided nearly to the base. Capsule ovoid, 1.4-1.8 x 1.4-1.7 mm, tomentose; columella 1.2-1.5 mm. Seeds oblong, quadrangular in cross-section, 1-1.2 x 0.4-0.6 mm, gray to tan, smooth to wrinkled or alveolate.
Habitat:
Rocky slopes and river washes, dry to wet soil; 450-1400 m. Flowering and fruiting year-round.
Phylogenetic Relationships: None
Comments:
Euphorbia melanadenia is similar in appearance to E. cinerascens, but E. melanadenia has conspicuous glandular appendages whereas E. cinerascens has inconspicuous appendages, or lacks them entirely. See http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/taxa/index.php?taxon=10003&taxauthid=0&cl=Organ%20Pipe%20Cactus%20National%20Monument for additional info.
Chromosome Number: None
Uses: None
Toxicity: None
Conservation Status: None
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Cyathia of Euphorbia melanadenia (Peirson 886, MICH).

Photographer: P. Berry

Dimensions: 800 X 533
General Distribution:
SW U.S.A. (Arizona, California), Mexico (Baja California, Sonora and Guadalupe Is.).
Collector
Collection number
Country
Institution code
J.A. Peirson
864
U.S.A.
MICH
J.A. Peirson
886
U.S.A.
MICH
Kearney, T. H.
12577
U.S.A.
MICH
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DNA Sample(s): 8576
DNA Sample(s) Sequences
References:

Berry, P.E., Peirson, J., Steinmann, V.W., Morawetz, J.J., Riina, R., Yang, Y., Geltman, D.V., and Cacho, N.I. (in review). "Euphorbia." In: Flora of North America north of Mexico 12, Flora of North America Editorial Committee. New York and Oxford.

Yang, Y., and Berry, P.E. (2011). Phylogenetics of the Chamaesyce Clade (Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae): Reticulate evolution and long-distance dispersal in a prominent C4 lineage. American Journal of Botany 98(9), 1486-1503.

Yang, Y., Riina, R., Morawetz, J.J., Steinmann, V.W., Haevermans, T., Aubriot, X., and Berry, P.E. (2012). Molecular phylogenetics and classification of Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 61(4), 764-789.

TreeBASE TreeBASE None
NCBI NCBI National Center for Biotechnology Information None
uBio uBio Indexing & Organizing Biological Names None
GBIF GBIF Global Biodiversity Information Facility None
EOL EOL Encyclopedia Of Life None
JSTOR JSTOR JSTOR Plant Science
IPNI IPNI International Plant Names Index
Tropicos Tropicos

This project's data is shared under the CC-BY license.